The Montana Noxious Weed Trust Fund grant program was established by the 1985 Montana Legislature to provide funding for the development and implementation of weed management programs. It also provides for research and development of innovative weed management techniques including biological control, and supports research and education projects.

The grant program is designed to assist counties, local communities, researchers, and educators in their efforts to solve a variety of noxious weed problems in Montana. The program provides assistance with a 50% cost-share, with landowner matching funds, for herbicides and commercial application to participating landowners in a local cooperative weed management area.  Other types of projects involve noxious weed education and research, including non-chemical research and demonstration projects.

The Noxious Weed Management Advisory Council reviews applications, hears applicant testimony, and provides funding recommendations to the Director of the Montana Department of Agriculture. Final funding is approved by the Director. Funding is generally through a governmental organization, the project funding recipient, such as a local weed district, conservation district, extension office, or university. The Trust Fund is a reimbursement type of grant program. Project participants spend their money up front and then get reimbursed from the grant.